From the elapsed time since the Keicho-Fushimi earthquake and the average moment-release rate, the seismic moment accumulated during the interseismic period was calculated for the ATTL. July 24, 2019 June 26, 2020 admin Business. Shimazaki(1995) pointed out that Mj estimated by Takemura's equation had good agreement with the inland fault-length magnitude(ML) proposed by Matsuda(1990). In this aerial image, black smoke from Kobe city covers Kobe bay after the strong earthquake on January 17, 1995 in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. The average moment-release rate for the central portion of the ATTL has been estimated as 0.0017−0.0063 × 1026 dyne cm year−1. The earthquake resulted in … Fire breaks out from the destroyed houses after the strong earthquake on January 17, 1995 in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. They constitute a portion of the Arima-Takatsuki tectonic line (ATTL) which extends from Kyoto, through Awaji Island, to the Median Tectonic Line. Listed below are all the 37 known earthquakes with an estimated magnitude of 8.5 or higher since 1500. The ATTL is also correlated to lineaments linking the saddles and steep slopes of gravity (Bouguer) anomalies. They constitute a portion of the Arima-Takatsuki tectonic line (ATTL) which extends from Kyoto, through Awaji Island, to the Median Tectonic Line. The Great Hanshin earthquake, or Kobe earthquake, occurred on Tuesday, January 17, 1995 at 05:46 JST (January 16 at 20:46 UTC) in the southern part of Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. Surface ruptures and cracks accompanying the Kobe earthquake were scattered along a 40-km segment centrally located on the ATTL. The main shock also created a 9-km long rupture on the ground surface along the NE-SW Nojima fault line in the northern part of Awaji Island. The earthquake was officially named the Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake, but it is better known as the 1995 Kobe earthquake worldwide. This earth quake had a terrible short term as well as long term affects. The Kobe earthquake of 1995 Essay. Evidence of liquefaction and flowage, probably associated with the 1596 M 7.5 Keicho-Fushimi earthquake, has been identified at several archaeological excavation sites along the ATTL. The January 17, 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake of magnitude 7.2 in JMA scale (Mw = 6.9), which struck Kobe, Japan and its surrounding area was the most severe earthquake to affect that region this century. 15 July 1995 By Peter Hadfield. The worst effected area was in the … RUPTURE DIRECTIVITY EFFECT The rupture directivity effect was examined based on the PHGA records during the Kobe Earthquake in the areas shown in Figure 2 . The earthquake resulted in more than 6,000 deaths and over 30,000 injuries. The red star denotes the main shock epicentre of the 1995 Kobe earthquake. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 1 It measured 7.4 … The red squares show the 20 events, which are used in spectral analysis to construct the relation between the dominant frequency and earthquake magnitude. It measured 6.9 on the moment magnitude scale and had a maximum intensity of 7 on the JMA Seismic Intensity Scale (X on the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale). The Kobe, or Great Hanshin, earthquake struck in the pre-dawn hours of January 17, 1995, with a magnitude of 7.3 near the city of Kobe, about 350 km (210 miles) southwest of Tokyo. The Kobe earthquake has a strike-slip focal mechanism with The 1995 Kobe Earthquake is the costliest and deadliest earthquake disaster in the 20th century where it left the city looking like a war zone, but spared life for others. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. The main shock of the 1995 magnitude 7.2 (M 7.2) Kobe earthquake was located at the mid-point of the ATTL. These observations suggest that the ATTL was also responsible for the Keicho-Fushimi earthquake which occurred about 400 years ago. The average rate of seismic moment-release is an important parameter used in evaluating the seismic risk of a fault system. The 1995 7.2 magnitude Kobe earthquake and the Arima-Takatsuki tectonic line: implications of the seismic risk for central Japan. At 5:46 in the early morning of January 17, 1995, a magnitude 7.2 earthquake rocked the city of Kobe and its vicinity. The focus of the earthquake was less than 20 km below Awaji-shima, an island in the Japan Inland Sea. The main shock also created a 9-km long rupture on the ground surface along the NE-SW Nojima fault line in the northern part of Awaji Island. Trouvez les 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake images et les photos d’actualités parfaites sur Getty Images. The obtained result is consistent with the view that the Kobe earthquake was caused by a rupture of the ATTL which released almost all the moment accumulated since the previous event. The moment-release rate averaged over the late Quaternary has been evaluated through the average slip rates and the dimensions of constituent faults. The disaster struck the city of Kobe and surrounding areas with a magnitude of 7.2. This anomaly may be due to an overpressurized, fluid-filled, fractured rock matrix that contributed to the initiation of the Kobe earthquake. The tremors lasted for approximately 20 seconds. These observations suggest that the ATTL was also responsible for the Keicho-Fushimi earthquake which occurred about 400 years ago. It is here that disaster struck in 1995 when an earthquake of magnitude 7.2 hit the area. The main shock also created a 9-km long rupture on the ground surface along the NE-SW Nojima fault line in the northern part of Awaji Island. South-West of the Kobe … Along the Rokko Mountains and Awaji Island, NE-SW to ENE-WSW oriented active faults exist in an en echelon arrangement. The earthquake hit at 5:46 am on Tuesday, Jan. 17, 1995, in the southern part of Hyōgo prefecture, west-central Honshu. It measured 6.9 on the moment magnitude scale ( USGS ), [1] and Mj7.3 (adjusted from 7.2) on the JMA magnitude scale. January 17th marks the day of The Great Hanshin earthquake. Evidence of liquefaction and flowage, probably associated with the 1596 M 7.5 Keicho-Fushimi earthquake, has been identified at several archaeological excavation sites along the ATTL. (The timeframe does not include outlying events like the earlier 1361 Shōhei earthquake and 869 Sanriku earthquake, both estimated to have magnitude ≥ 8.5.) 1995 Kobe earthquake is also known as the Great Hanshin Earthquake. The Great Hanshin earthquake (阪神・淡路大震災, Hanshin Awaji daishinsai), or Kobe earthquake, occurred on January 17, 1995 at 05:46:53 JST (January 16 at 20:46:53 UTC) in the southern part of Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, including the region known as Hanshin. Along the Rokko Mountains and Awaji Island, NE-SW to ENE-WSW oriented active faults exist in an en echelon arrangement. The Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake was not only powerful ( magnitude 6.9 ), but with the epicentre only 20km southwest of the city, it resulted in massive damage to property and loss of life. Distribution of the 2813 aftershocks (black crosses) of the 1995 Kobe earthquake and the 3140 other local earthquakes (blue squares) that occurred during 1995–2010. It was Tuesday, and most of the people were still deep asleep after a three-day long holiday. The Kobe (Hyogo-ken Nanbu), Japan, Earthquake of January 16, 1995 A report of preliminary observations prepared by Hiroo Kanamori California Institute of Technology T he Kobe earthquake of January 16, 1995, is one of the most damaging earthquakes in the recent history of Japan. 1 a). The obtained value amounts to that of the seismic moment released by an earthquake having a magnitude ranging from 6.8 to 7.2, being comparable to that of the Kobe earthquake. From the elapsed time since the Keicho-Fushimi earthquake and the average moment-release rate, the seismic moment accumulated during the interseismic period was calculated for the ATTL. The mainshock had a strike-slip … [2] The quake had a moment magnitude of 6.9 and cost more than $100 billion in damage. The obtained value amounts to that of the seismic moment released by an earthquake having a magnitude ranging from 6.8 to 7.2, being comparable to that of the Kobe earthquake. The Event This year, January 17, five forty-six, Tuesday morning: the earth shook for 13 seconds as the Nojima fault slipped 2.5 meters, destroying weak buildings, killing 5300 men, women, and children, and disabling Japan’s major container terminal at Kobe. Choisissez parmi des contenus premium 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake de la … The seismic fault of the Kobe earth- quake runs approximately from the Nojima Fault through Suma, Suwayama, and Gosukebashi Faults to the Arima-Takatsuki tec- tonic line (see Figure 1). Fig. Kobe is a heavily populated urban area. Kobe … The 1995 7.2 magnitude Kobe earthquake and the Arima-Takatsuki tectonic line: implications of the seismic risk for central Japan. Copyright © 1996 Published by Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(96)00056-7. Earthquake Kobe Japan 1995. The average moment-release rate for the central portion of the ATTL has been estimated as 0.0017−0.0063 × 1026 dyne cm year−1. The Kobe (Hyogo-ken Nanbu) earthquake (M = 7.2) occurred on January 17, 1995 (5:46 a.m. Japan local time) in the southwestern part of Japan (Fig. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. The main shock of the 1995 magnitude 7.2 (M 7.2) Kobe earthquake was located at the mid-point of the ATTL. Spatial correlation of the surface ruptures and aftershock distribution on the ATTL suggests that the Kobe earthquake was the result of a 40-km long rupture of the central segment of the ATTL. Many of the city’s residents had been unaware of the chances of an earthquake … Such was its intensity that even the sensors on the other side of the world picked it. The earthquake aftershocks were distributed over a 40-km long zone along the central segment of the line. The focuso… The duration was about 20 seconds. At this plate margin, the Pacific plate is being pushed under the Eurasian plate, stresses build up and when they are released the Earth shakes. The moment-release rate averaged over the late Quaternary has been evaluated through the average slip rates and the dimensions of constituent faults. This earthquake is also called "The Hyogo-ken By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. On January 17, 1995 an earthquake measuring at 7.3 on the Richter magnitude scale occurred at 05:46 am JST near the city. Date: January 17, 1995 Time of Event: 5:46:58a.m. Meteorologica l Agency (JMA) and its epicentre w as located approximately 20 km . The main shock of the 1995 magnitude 7.2 (M 7.2) Kobe earthquake was located at the mid-point of the ATTL. The earthquake had a local magnitude of 7.2. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. The January 17, 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake of magnitude 7.2 in JMA scale (Mw = 6.9), which struck Kobe, Japan and its surrounding area was the most severe earthquake to affect that region this century. The main shock also created a 9-km long rupture on the ground surface along the NE-SW Nojima fault line in the northern part of Awaji Island. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. The Kobe government spent years construct ing new facilities to attract back the 50,000 people who left after the quake. Spatial correlation of the surface ruptures and aftershock distribution on the ATTL suggests that the Kobe earthquake was the result of a 40-km long rupture of the central segment of the ATTL. The Kobe earthquake, with a magnitude of MjM A = 7.2 and M W- 6.9, was the most destructive earthquake in Japan since the Kanto earthquake in 1923. Component: 90 PGA (cm/s/s):-493.03 PGV (cm/s):- Add this to bin: Component: 0 PGA (cm/s/s):-499.49 PGV (cm/s):- Add this to bin: Component: Up PGA (cm/s/s): 363.56 PGV (cm/s):- Add this to … This devastating earthquake occurred on January 17, 1995 in the Southern part of Hyogo Prefecture. The January 17, 1995, magnitude (M) 7.2, Kobe (Hyogo-Ken Nanbu) earthquake wrote a new chapter in the active seismotectonics of the Japan subduction zone. "Buildings were toppled, houses were in … At 5.46am on January 17th 1995, whilst many of its citizens were still asleep, the Japanese city of Kobe was hit by largest earthquake in Japan since 1923. This earthquake is also called by the following names: Kobe, South Hyogo, Hyogo-ken Nanbu. The Kobe earthquake, also referred to as the Great Hanshin earthquake, was a 7.3-magnitude earthquake that rocked the Hyōgo Prefecture of Japan on the dawn of January 17, 1995. SINGAPORE, APRIL 1995 THE 1995 KOBE EARTHQUAKE Michael A. Jordan, SE Chief Executive Officer Liftech Consultants Inc. It lasted for 20 seconds and had a magnitude of Mw6.8 on Moment Magnitude Scale. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. The main shock of the 1995 magnitude 7.2 (M 7.2) Kobe earthquake was located at the mid-point of the ATTL. It is the most damaging earthquake to have struck Japan since the great Kanto earthquake in 1923. It was a major disaster in a MEDC where the modern buildings had been earthquake proofed. As a result, over six-thousand people lost their lives. The average rate of seismic moment-release is an important parameter used in evaluating the seismic risk of a fault system. The ATTL is also correlated to lineaments linking the saddles and steep slopes of gravity (Bouguer) anomalies. This earthquake substantially damaged the city of Kobe and its surrounding areas claiming more than 6,000 lives (Kikuchi and Kanamori 1996). Copyright © 1996 Published by Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(96)00056-7. Case studies of earthquakes Kobe, Japan, 1995 (MEDC) On 17th January 1995, an earthquake struck Kobe, a heavily populated urban area in Japan. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. In this aerial image, Kobe city is in blaze after the strong earthquake on January 17, 1995 in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. Limited to a timeframe with enough data, this gives a rough estimate of its frequency per century. Surface ruptures and cracks accompanying the Kobe earthquake were scattered along a 40-km segment centrally located on the ATTL. The Kobe earthquake was assigned a magnitude of 7.2 by the Japan . Seismic tomography revealed a low seismic velocity (−5%) and high Poisson's ratio (+6%) anomaly covering about 300 square kilometers at the hypocenter of the 17 January 1995, magnitude 7.2, Kobe earthquake in Japan. 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