The literature is clear on the need to focus more closely on organizational capacities, interorganizational coordination, and communication (Birkmann and von Teichman 2010; Serrao-Neumann et al. This is considered the biggest weight ever moved during a tropical cyclone since record-keeping began. We interviewed communication officers from both PAGASA and NDRRMC who might conceivably act as boundary agents, responsible for translating messages into meaningful terms. [273][274], Celebrities such as David and Victoria Beckham,[275] Stephen Colbert,[276] Kim Kardashian,[citation needed] David Guetta,[277] and The X Factor contributed to the fundraising. Rather, communication to more local agents needs to be more contextualized and personalized. [10] Once onshore, the storm quickly diminished and was last noted as it dissipated over Guangxi Province, China, on November 11. [88] NDRRMC finally confirmed a total of 6,300 deaths in the Philippines, and total damages were estimated at PH₱95.48 billion (US$2.2 billion). The extant evidence on increasing tropical cyclone intensity is most reliable for the North Atlantic (Grossman and Morgan 2011; Schiermeier 2013), and some evidence that this may possibly hold for other ocean areas as well (Emanuel 2013). The major focus of devastation appears to have been on the east coast of Samar and Leyte, with a particular focus on Tacloban, because of its location between Samar and Leyte, and the large population in low-lying areas. More than anything, there is a greater need for empowerment of bureau staff to go beyond rigid routines and tailor their messages to the recipient. Speaking to the notion of collective “common sense,” a few of the interviewees talked about possibly improved communication if PAGASA had used the term “tsunami” instead of “storm surge” but then quickly added that to modify language in this way would be out of bounds for them professionally.
An example of tacit knowledge is when someone tells another to go beyond formal, routine procedures, or when the degree of uncertainty of a forecast is great, an agency may advise another to assume a worst-case scenario that goes beyond the official “best-estimate” forecast. [96], Haiyan produced high winds and widespread heavy rainfall which affected northern Vietnam. Pledged USD 5M worth of assistance and US$20M.
Figure 2: Relative contribution to tropical cyclone gross average annual loss (AAL) to the industry exposure database (IED) by Saffir-Simpson category for tropical cyclone wind and tropical cyclone flood (inland and surge) perils from the RMS Philippines Typhoon and Inland Flood Model (does not include contribution from non-tropical cyclone flood).
MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Turning northwestward, the typhoon eventually struck northern Vietnam as a severe tropical storm on November 10. 2013). As considerable research in recent decades has proven, however, such a model is overly simplistic.
Archived from the original on November 29, 2014..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}, which organized a large-scale cash-for-work program in Tacloban from Nov 20 to Dec 8 with up to 31,000 participants per day, totaling nearly 300,000-day shifts. cloud, Understand uncertainty with risk- and region-specific [10] Tracking generally westward along the southern periphery of a subtropical ridge,[12] rapid intensification ensued by November 5 as a central dense overcast with an embedded eye developing; the JMA classified Haiyan as a typhoon later that day. Due to extensive damage and high death toll, PAGASA announced that the name Yolanda would be stricken off the typhoon naming lists. of your industry, Discover how RMS solutions can benefit specific 2015). Thereafter, Haiyan continued to intensify; at 12:00 UTC on November 7, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) upgraded the storm's maximum ten-minute sustained winds to 230 km/h (145 mph), the highest in relation to the storm. 8, the memo only mentions “possible flash floods and storm surges” without giving any additional information. Evacuation centers along the coast were utilized as before. [149] Catbalogan reported that their population more than doubled after the typhoon with the influx of refugees into the city. We observe whether or not the technical information is translated into language that is meaningful to different units in an organization (e.g., terms like “forced evacuation,” “emergency procurement,” and “door-to-door patrolling”). areas of your business, Explore models focused on unique risks in specific Agents need to actively process risk information, translating it into terms relevant to the recipient agencies and the public. In the succeeding sections, we focus on these particular organizational phenomena (i.e., inter- and intraorganizational translation and the role of organizational routines) in our discussion of risk communication issues around Typhoon Haiyan.
American news media initially criticized China for its contribution of US$100,000 cash each from the government and the Chinese Red Cross to the typhoon victims, which led to commentary about its disputes with the Philippines. In November 2013, the island of the Philippines was struck by one of the strongest tropical cyclones recorded in history, the Haiyan. impacting our world, Find API reference documentation, tutorials, quick start guides, tools, warming that has received much attention recently. 8). This speaks to the need to evaluate organizational routines. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.07.006, http://www.philstar.com/opinion/2014/08/23/1360818/how-many-casualties-typhoon-yolanda, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-010-0108-y, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1992.tb01946.x, http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304465604579217671422015220, https://doi.org/10.1080/10417940802219702, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-008-9267-x, https://doi.org/10.1080/08920759809362356, http://www.rappler.com/move-ph/issues/disasters/typhoon-yolanda/45833-yolanda-haiyan-death-toll-6000, http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2013/12/12/1267111/pagasa-gives-hope-missing-member, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-007-9193-3, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2007.00826.x, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0020-1, https://doi.org/10.1177/016224390102600401, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1253-6, http://www.ibtimes.com.au/typhoon-haiyan-death-toll-philippines-reduced-govt-local-reporters-witness-alleged-cover-1323889, https://doi.org/10.1177/0957926599010001001, https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.39.4.341, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1988.tb01168.x, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-006-9059-9, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2008.00885.x, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2008.09.005, https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.2015.1043328, https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-13-00044.1, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-2-3741-2014, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00197.1, http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/Update%20Effects%20TY%20YOLANDA%2017%20April%202014.pdf, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.344.6182.355, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-9-1149-2009, http://typhooncommittee.org/SSOP/Training/DAY%203%20PDF/1_a_OLAVO-SSOP%20Presentation%20on%20HAIYAN%20(3)-rev%2011%20June.pdf, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1987.tb00963.x, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1992.tb01949.x, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00213.1, http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/525315/cristina-gonzales-recalls-how-she-and-family-survived-supertyphoons-fury, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature.2013.14139, https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2014.920306, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1987.tb00998.x, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00245.1, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.1996.tb00118.x, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1232-y, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.07.010, https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.1973.10801798, http://web0.psa.gov.ph/content/population-tacloban-city-rose-more-200-thousand-results-2010-census-population-and-housing, http://www.rappler.com/move-ph/issues/disasters/typhoon-yolanda/43735-yolandaph-haiyan-preparedness-philippines, http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/E25.html, Modifying the Extended Forecast Graphic to Improve Comprehension, Exploratory geovisualization of the character and distribution of American climate change beliefs, Assessing Aircraft Performance in a Warming Climate, Economic valuation of coccidioidomycosis (Valley fever) projections in the United States in response to climate change, Determinants of General and Specified Resilience to Extreme Temperatures, © Copyright 2019 American Meteorological Society. Two people died while four others went missing after a car fell off a flooded road into a river near Beihai, Guangxi. [25] Rapid weakening ensued as Haiyan approached its final landfall in Vietnam,[26] ultimately striking the country near Haiphong around 2100 UTC as a severe tropical storm.
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