[154], Spotted hyenas feature prominently in the rituals of certain African cultures. Though hyenas may harass the stallion, they usually only concentrate on the herd and attempt to dodge the stallion's assaults. Nigerian spotted hyenas are on the verge of extinction, due to lack of legal protection outside of national parks and reserves, declines in prey populations and persecution in retaliation to livestock predation. It is scarce or absent in tropical rainforests and coastal areas. Older females show a similar preference, with the addition of preferring males with whom they have had long and friendly prior relationships. Answer Save. [170] Such incidences are rare in modern Africa, where most tribes, even those known to eat unusual kinds of meat, generally despise hyena flesh. [153] According to the doctrine of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, hyenas are unclean animals which represent sexual deviancy and lawlessness. [19], The author of the Physiologus, who infused pagan tales with the spirit of Christian moral and mystical teaching, reactivated the myth that the hyena is a hermaphrodite. [112], When confronted on a kill by lions, spotted hyenas will either leave or wait patiently at a distance of 30–100 metres until the lions have finished eating. [164] During the 1960s, Flying Doctors received over two dozen cases of hyena attacks on humans in Kenya. The Mbugwe consider killing hyenas to be dangerous, as the bond between the hyena and its owner is very strong, and will likely result in the witch seeking retribution. Favorite Answer. Androgens and masculinization of genitalia in the spotted hyaena. [9] Combined with large jaw muscles and a special vaulting to protect the skull against large forces, these characteristics give the spotted hyena a powerful bite which can exert a pressure of 80 kgf/cm2 (1140 lbf/in²),[42] which is 40% more force than a leopard can generate. The pseudo-penis is traversed to its tip by a central urogenital canal, through which the female urinates, copulates and gives birth. In December 2013, a cull was organised and marksmen killed ten hyenas which had occupied wasteland near the city centre. [40], The skull of the spotted hyena differs from that of the striped hyena by its much greater size and narrower sagittal crest. (n.) = hiena. [81] Mothers do not regurgitate food for their young. [35], The spotted hyena has a strong and well developed neck and forequarters, but relatively underdeveloped hindquarters. Although wild dog packs can easily repel solitary hyenas, on the whole, the relationship between the two species is a one sided benefit for the hyenas,[124] with wild dog densities being negatively correlated with high hyena populations. [61] Females dominate males, with even the lowest ranking females being dominant over the highest ranking males. [60] Spotted hyena clans are more compact and unified than wolf packs, but are not as closely knit as those of African wild dogs. One study of the hyena immune system showed that captive hyenas had lower levels for immune defenses than hyenas from the wild population that was used to establish the captive population.
[41] The dentition is more dual purposed than that of other modern hyena species, which are mostly scavengers; the upper and lower third premolars are conical bone-crushers, with a third bone-holding cone jutting from the lower fourth premolar. The two species typically encounter each other on carcasses, which the larger spotted species usually appropriate. The spotted hyena is very efficient at eating its prey; not only is it able to splinter and eat the largest ungulate bones, it is also able to digest them completely. [182], As several distinguished authors of the present age have undertaken to reconcile the world to the Great Man-Killer of Modern times; as. [90] The spotted hyena tracks live prey by sight, hearing and smell. The Human Influence on Hyena & Lion, "Mortality in a protected Leopard population, Phinda Private Game Reserve, South Africa: A population in decline? [66][67], Territory size is highly variable, ranging from less than 40 km2 in the Ngorongoro Crater to over 1,000 km2 in the Kalahari. [151] In Ethiopia, hyenas were reported to feed extensively on the corpses of victims of the 1960 attempted coup[166] and the Red Terror.
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